Implant Abutment
Abutments in Dental Implants
If you have missing teeth, dental implants can be used to help restore you smile, as well as your overall oral health and functionality. Implants are not the the only option for teeth replacement, but often dental implants can offer a better functioning permanent solution than dental bridges or dentures. Implants consist of three separate parts, and together these parts form a construction allowing you to function as you did with your natural teeth. And though you may not know it, a very important part of any implant is the abutment, and if by any chance you already have an implant, you actually already have an abutment.
Implant Procedure
Any time you get a dental implant, there is a metal post that is surgically implanted into your jaw where there was once a tooth. This metal post acts as a “root” and is able to firmly hold an implant in the right part of the jaw bone. A tooth shaped crown is positioned on top of this post, and functions and appears as a natural tooth, allowing for natural chewing and speaking. The piece that connects the crown to the implanted post is called the abutment. This abutment is a metal post and is often constructed from titanium, while crown can be made from various materials such as zirconia, metal, ceramic, and porcelain, or a combination.
An implant procedure will consist of several stages which can vary from patient to patient, depending on the condition of the jawbone and overall oral health. If a patient has a weakened jawbone that can’t support an implant in its natural state, a bone graft procedure might be recommended by the oral surgeon as a preliminary step. For this procedure a small piece of bone is taken from another part of the body (or sometimes synthetic bone is used) and is attached to the jawbone. Once healing has taken place this will provide enough support for the replacement teeth.
How Abutments Work
An abutment can be placed once the initial fixture (metal post) has fused with the jawbone. Made most often from titanium because of its biocompatibility, abutments can also be made from gold, stainless steel, polyether ether ketone, and zirconia. Since abutments are often custom made in labs, hygienic properties and the strength of each option is considered. The abutment is made to look like a natural tooth, but that has been shortened, because this is the best shape for receiving the crown. Placement of the abutment has been described (by the Mayo Clinic) as a minor procedure, and is usually done while the patient is under localized anesthesia. The abutment is attached at the gum-line to the titanium post that has been implanted. Once gums have healed a crown can be positioned safely on the abutment.
Best Care for Implants
The best care for implants (including the abutment) is brushing and flossing at least twice a day, just as you would care for your natural teeth. Some people find interdental brushes more comfortable and effective for cleaning around implants. For implants regular dental checkups (every six months) are also recommended. The dentist can make sure your natural teeth, any crown, and other parts are all healthy, and looking and feeling great.